Karimasu means borrow, rent or use and kashimasu means lend, rent out or loan.

Examples:

Toshokan kara hon o karimashita.(I borrowed a book from the library.)

Ichinichi ichiman en de kuruma o karimashita.

(I rented a car for 10000en a day.)

Toire o karitemo iidesuka .(May I use your bathroom?)

Ani kara gosen en kariteiru.(I owe 5000 yen to my brother.)

Kare wa hon o kashita(kashitekureta).(He lent me a book .)

Ich jikan sanbyaku yen de jitensya o kashimasu.(kashite kuremasu).

(They rent out a bicycle for 300 en per hour.)

Tomodachi ni kuruma o kashimashita.(I've lent my car to a friend.)

Ano ginkoo wa risoku san paasento de okane o kashimasu.

(That bank lends money at three percent interest.)

When I want to borrow a pen from my friend、what should I say?

Choose the right expression out of ①～④.

① Sumimasen pen o kashite kudasai.

② Sumimasen pen o karite kudasai.

③ Sumimasen pen o kashitemo iidesuka.

④ Sumimasen pen o karitemo iidesuka.

“~te kudasai” expresses request. The speaker asks someone A to do something, so A’s action

comes before “~te kudasai.”

“~temoiidesuka” expresses permission. The speaker asks someone whether he/she can do something or not, so the speaker’s action comes before temoiidesuka.

Therefore correct answers are ① and ④

In this case “temoiidesuka” sounds more polite than “tekudasai”

The following sentences are polite expressions to request.

Pen o kashite kuremasen ka. (Pen o kashite kuremasuka.)

Pen o kashite moraemasen ka. (Pen o kashite moraemasuka.)

Pen o kashite itadakemasen ka. (Pen o kashite itadakemasuka.)

The phrase “kashimasu or karimasu “ + “ agemasu,moraimasu or kuremasu” becomes even more difficult to understand.

Read the following conversation and fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of “kashimasu or karimasu”

Examples:

A: Kono pen karitemo iidesuka.

B; Hai doozo.

① A san wa B san ni pen o ( ).

② B san wa A san ni pen o ( ).

③ A san wa B san ni pen o ( )moraimashita.

④ B san wa A san ni pen o ( )agemashita.

Ans. 1.karimashita 2.kashimashita 3.kashite 4.kashite

1.

Imooto : Oniichan ashita kamera kashite hoshiindakedo.

Ani : Ii yo,demo kowasanaidene.

Imooto wa ani ni kamera o ( ).

Ani wa imooto ni kamera o ( ).

Imooto wa ani ni kamera o ( )moraimashita.

Ani wa imooto ni kamera o ( )agemashita.

2.

Watashi : Sumimasen kono kasa karitemo iidesuka.

Tanaka : Nihon arimasu kara doozo.

Watashi : Arigatoo, okarishimasu.

Watashi wa tanaka san ni kasa o ( ).

Tanaka san wa watashi ni kasa o ( ).

Watashi wa tanaka san ni kasa o ( ) moraimashita.

Tanaka san wa watashi ni kasa o ( )kuremashita.

3.

Lee : Sono hon moo yondano. omoshirokatta?

Taro : Totemo omoshirokatta.

Lee : Kashitekureru?

Masako : Tomodachi no Hana san no hon nanda. Chotto matte. Hana-san ni denwa de kiitemiru.(tel……….) Kashite kurerutte.

Lee : Arigatoo.

Taro- san wa Leeo-san ni Hana-san kara hon o ( )agemashita.

Lee-san wa Taro-san ni Hana-san kara hon o ( )moraimashita.

4. (at the rental video shop ).

Kyaku : Kono bideo karitain desuga.

Ten-in : Saishinban(the newest one) nanode ichinichi shika okashi dekimasenga.

Kyaku : Ichinichi de iidesu

Ten-in : Hai , Arigatoo gozaimasu.

Kyaku wa bideo o ( )hoshiidesu.

Mise wa saishin bideo o ichinichi shika ( )kuremasen.

Ans.

1. karimashita kashimashita kashite kashite

2. karimashita kashimashita kashite kashite

3. karite karite

4.kashite kashite

Azukemasu / Azukarimasu

Azukemasu means leave,check,deposit or trust and azukarimasu means keep,take care of or hold .

Kooto o kurooku ni azukeru.( I check my coat at the cloak.)

Okane o ginkoo ni azukeru.( I deposit money in the bank.)

Inu o tomodachi ni azuketa.( I left my dog in care of my friend.)

Kanojo wa kodomo o bebii-sittaa ni azukeru.( She trusts her child to a baby sitter.)

Nimotsu o azukatte kuremasuka.( Will you keep my belongings?)

Tomodachi ga rusu no aida neko o azukatta.(While my friend was away, I took care of her cat.)

Isogashii toki haha ga kodomo o azukatte kureru.(When I’m busy, my mother looks after my child.)

①Read the following conversation and fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of “azukemasu or azukarimasu”

1.( at the hotel)

Kyaku : Kono kagi onegaishimasu.

Furonto : Hai. Itterashaimase.

Kyaku wa furonto ni kagi o ( )

Fronto wa kagi o ( ).

2.

Musume : Nichiyoobi kurasukai ga arun dakedo kodomo azukatte kurenai?

Haha : Nichiyoobi wa hima dakara iiwayo.

Musume : Yokatta. Onegaishimasu.

Musume wa kodomo o haha ni ( ).

Haha wa kodomo o ( ).

Musume wa kodomo o haha ni ( ) moraimasu.

Haha wa kodomo o ( ) agemasu.

②Read the conversation and answer the question.

Tanaka　: Rii-san,watashi wa sibaraku rusu ni surunode kenkyuushitsu no

kagi o azukattekuremasenka.

Rii : Hai, iidesuyo. Azukarimasu.

…………………………………………………

Suzuki : Tanaka-san,kenkyuushitsu no kagi o kashite kudasai.

Tanaka : Sakki Rii-san ni azukemashita. Rii-san ni karite kudasai.

Question

Kagi wa ima dare ga motte imasuka. ( )